动词小岛:一个句子只有一个动词（第 2 课 · 板书）
板书原题:动词是一个个等着被你征服的小岛。这节课只讲一件事,但讲透它——一个句子只有一个动词;想让第二个动词上场,它前面必须先站一个"提示词"。学会数动词、认提示词,句子立刻从"平的"变"活的"。
一、一个句子只有一个动词(下一个动词前必须有提示词)
WORK together to DESIGN a cover that GOES ROUND an egg.
↑动词1 ↑提示词 ↑动词2 ↑提示词 ↑动词3| 提示词 | 引出什么 | 板书例句 |
|---|---|---|
to | 目的(让第二个动词上场) | they work together to design… |
that | 定语从句(给名词画特征) | a cover that goes round an egg |
while | 同时发生(时间) | While I was brushing my teeth… |
so that | 目的 | …so that it could warm up |
which | 补充说明(而这也…) | …a book, which I don't have |
where / in which | 地点/在这上(关系副词) | a coffee shop where I was born |
造句模板(板书):[动词1] + to + [动词2] + a + [名词] + that + [动词3]
work to design a cover that goes round an egg
decide a quotation that sets the budget limit (for budgeting / for this quarter)二、拆一句:三个动词各归各位
WORK together to DESIGN a cover that GOES ROUND an egg.
一起设计一个"正好套住蛋"的罩子——所以从高处扔下来,它也不坏。
| 成分 | 板书原文 | 它靠什么"活着" |
|---|---|---|
| 动词1 work | they work together | 主句动词,自己站得住 |
| 提示词 to | to design | 表目的,把第二个动词领进来 |
| 动词2 design | design a cover | 被 to 领着 |
| 提示词 that | that goes round an egg | 定语从句,给 cover 画特征 |
| 动词3 goes | goes round an egg | 从句里的动词,被 that 领着 |
介词短语:cover for an egg(介词+N,板书要求"多用短语");同类的还有 without breaking it、powered by a balloon。
三、定语从句工具箱:that(关系代词)vs where / in which(关系副词)
| 类型 | 词 | 它在从句里当什么 | 板书例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 关系代词 | that(=n,relative pronoun) | 主语(从句缺主语时用它) | I have a cover that goes round an egg. / a coffee shop that has blue chairs |
| 关系副词 | where(=adv) | 状语(地点/目的/原因;从句本身完整) | coffee shop where I was born |
| 等价替换 | in which = where | — | coffee shop in which I was born = I was born in the coffee shop |
| 补充用法 | , which(逗号) | 补充"而这也…" | it takes time to finish a book, which I don't have |
对"物"也能用 where / in which(把它当地点看):
a bunch of boxes where you could store at least 950 Wh
判断口诀:从句里缺主语/宾语 → 用 that;从句自己已经完整、只差一个"地点/时间" → 用 where / in which。
四、3 core components:用定语给产品"画特征"
板书圈的三大部件——要求:每个都用定语从句描述特征。
| 部件 | 板书记的特征 | 用定语从句说出来(示范,可改) |
|---|---|---|
| 1. battery | lithium iron phosphate cell(LFP 磷酸铁锂) | The battery is a lithium iron phosphate cell, which is known for its long cycle life. |
| 2. inverter | system's heart / pure sine wave output / converts DC into AC | The inverter — the system's heart — is the part that converts DC into alternating current. |
| 3. system | it's the brain, which is an AI-integrated system / battery management system | The system is the brain: a battery management system that monitors the temperature and cools it down when needed. |
板书还圈了练习量:100 次 / 200 次 / 1000 次是"想用",实战标准是 1 次、2 次、3 次——不假思索。
五、电量单位速查(演示前先算清)
| 单位 | 全称 | 一句话记法 |
|---|---|---|
| kWh / Wh | kilowatt-hour | energy 能量(容量):能"存"多少 |
| kW / W | kilowatt / watt | 功率 power:能量转换速率——每秒做多少功 |
| V | voltage | 电压——电的"压力" |
| A | Ampere | 电流——电的"流量" |
| Hz | Hertz | 频率——交流电每秒变化次数 |
P(W) = V × A kWh = kW × h Wh ≈ V × Ah板书例:950 Wh = 0.95 kWh——数字两种读法都要顺(naught point nine five / zero point nine five)。
六、while + doing;so that 表目的(把第 1 课的句子拆开看)
| 结构 | 作用 | 板书例句 |
|---|---|---|
| while + 从句 / 动词-ing | 同时发生 | I scroll through TikTok while I am eating(= while eating);While I was brushing my teeth, I switched on the coffee maker |
| so that / to do | 目的 | …so that it could warm up |
小注:come across(by chance)= 偶然刷到。这句就是第 1 课 morning routine 升级版里的原句——现在你知道它为什么这么写了。
七、听力文本:Children's Engineering Workshops(动词填空)
Children's Engineering Workshops
Tiny Engineers (ages 4–5)
Activities
- Create a cover for an 1 ______ so they can drop it from a height without breaking it.
- Take part in a competition to build the tallest 2 ______.
- Make a 3 ______ powered by a balloon.
答案:1 egg(板书已填);2 tower / 3 car(参考答案,以听力原文为准)。
| 动词/结构 | 搭配 | 讲解 |
|---|---|---|
| create | create a cover for an egg | 介词短语:为…做一个罩子 |
| take part in | take part in a competition to build… | 第二个动词用 to 领(目的) |
| make | make a car powered by a balloon | 过去分词作定语:被气球驱动的 |
| so | so they can drop it… | 并列连词,引出结果/目的 |
| that 从句 | a cover that goes round an egg | 同一个句型在听力真题里的样子 |
workshop = 研讨会 / 工作会 / 作坊——板书给了三个译法,按语境选。
八、读译:美伊谅解备忘录(长句数动词)
Memorandum of understanding between the US and Iran — due to be formally signed Friday, June 19 2026 — copy obtained by CNN from a US official.
词:memorandum = 备忘录;understanding = 谅解(美伊谅解备忘录);between 表"两者之间"。
The United States undertakes, together with its regional partners, to create a comprehensive plan agreed upon by both parties for the rehabilitation and economic development of the Islamic Republic of Iran, while ensuring financing of at least $300 billion. The implementation mechanism of this plan, as part of the final agreement, will be formulated within 60 days.
| 动词 | 提示词 / 形态 | 讲什么 |
|---|---|---|
| undertakes | 主句动词 | 承诺、着手(板书:要、将要、说要) |
| to create | to(提示词) | 目的:去制定一个全面计划 |
| agreed(upon) | 过去分词 | 后置定语:双方"已同意"的(被动) |
| while ensuring | while + doing | 伴随/同时:同时确保融资 |
| will be formulated | 一般将来被动 | 60 天内被制定出来 |
练习:自己数一遍——这句话里 5 个动词,每一个都被"提示词/形态"领着,没有一个裸奔。
九、课堂随手记(发音 / 语调 / 演示话术)
- 发音:design 重音在第二音节 de-ZIGN(板书用钢琴 da-sol 标音高);that / they 的 th 舌尖轻触(第 1 课五诀"字头");twenty-five 连读(t-wu twenty 25)。
- 语调:"拱桥"——句中升、句尾落,像钢琴 da-sol / da-do。
| 板书记的(右上角) | 用途 |
|---|---|
| come over to our local shop / walk you through how it works | 邀约 + "带你过一遍它怎么工作" |
| shipments have been growing ↑ / electricity bills are skyrocketing | 趋势句:一直在涨 + 飙升 |
| am I correct? | 确认理解("我没说错吧?") |
| draw you a picture / let me… / lemme give you… / lemme explain | 口语缩略(lemme = let me) |
⚠️ 本节是板书边角随手记,以课堂原话为准。
十、本页打卡
- 能说出"一个句子只有一个动词",并列出至少 4 个提示词
- 能拆 WORK together to DESIGN a cover that GOES ROUND an egg 里的三个动词
- 会区分 that(关系代词)和 where / in which(关系副词),并各造一句
- 能用定语从句介绍 battery / inverter / system 三个部件
- 能背电量五件套 + 三个公式,并把 950Wh 读成 0.95 kWh
- 能找出 MOU 长句里的 5 个动词和各自的"提示词/形态"